Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Carotid endarterectomy with stent removal in patients with carotid in-stent restenosis. Carotid in-stent restenosis on digital subtraction angiography before surgery (A), stent removal during carotid endarterectomy (B), removed stent with atherosclerotic plaque after carotid endarterectomy (B) and histology of atherosclerotic plaque with a stent (B).
- Figure 2
Repeat percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in patient with carotid in-stent restenosis. Carotid in-stent restenosis on digital subtraction angiography before angioplasty (A) and residual in-stent stenosis after angioplasty (B).
Tables
- Table 1
Demographic data
CEASR group RePTA/S Group P value No of patients; n 14 17 NA Male gender; n (%) 9 (64.3) 10 (58.8) 0.756 Age at time of randomisation; mean±SD (years) 66.3±6.6 68.8±5.6 0.295 Age at first CAS; mean±SD (years) 62.7±7.2 65.5±5.6 0.250 Severity of carotid in-stent restenosis; mean±SD (%) 86.1±6.0 82.6±5.7 0.131 Severity of carotid stenosis prior to first CAS; mean±SD (%) 84.3±4.9 81.2±7.4 0.187 Right side of in-stent restenosis; n (%) 8 (57.1) 11 (64.7) 0.667 Stroke/TIA/amaurosis fugax/retinal infarction medical history; n (%) 8 (57.1) 13 (76.5) 0.224 Symptoms (stroke/TIA/amaurosis fugax/retinal infarction) in the territory of the intervened carotid artery in medical history; n (%) 5 (35.7) 4 (23.5) 0.363 Arterial hypertension; n (%) 12 (85.7) 15 (88.2) 0.622 Diabetes mellitus; n (%) 10 (71.4) 8 (47.1) 0.171 Hyperlipidaemia; n (%) 12 (85.7) 14 (82.4) 0.597 Atrial fibrillation; n (%) 2 (14.3) 2 (11.8) 0.622 Coronary heart disease; n (%) 9 (64.3) 11 (64.7) 0.981 Myocardial infarction in medical history; n (%) 3 (21.4) 5 (29.4) 0.466 Other vascular intervention; n (%) 8 (57.1) 9 (52.9) 0.815 Smoking; n (%) 10 (71.4) 8 (47.1) 0.171 Alcohol use; n (%) 9 (64.3) 10 (58.8) 0.756 Statin use; n (%) 12 (85.7) 15 (88.2) 0.622 Antiplatelet treatment; n (%) 13 (92.9) 16 (94.1) 0.708 Acetysalicylic acid (100 mg); (%) 4 (28.6) 16 (94.1) Clopidogrel (75 mg); n (%) 9 (64.3) 16 (94.1) Anticoagulation; n (%) 1 (7.1) 1 (5.9) 0.968 CAS, carotid artery stenting; CEASR, carotid endarterectomy with stent retrieval; n, number; NA, not available; rePTA/S, repeated percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with or without stenting; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.
- Table 2
Study results
CEASR group RePTA/S group P value No of patients; n 14 17 NA Symptomatic in-stent restenosis; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Duration of procedure; mean±SD (min) 86.9±23.4 33.5±13.4 <0.001 Residual stenosis after intervention; mean±SD (%) 0±0 20.9±6.7 <0.001 Residual stenosis (≥30%) after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 4 (23.5) 0.040 Stroke/retinal infarction within 30 days after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 TIA/amaurosis fugax within 30 days after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Myocardial infarction within 30 days after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Death within 30 days after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Stroke/retinal infarction within 1 year after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 TIA/amaurosis fugax within 1 year after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Myocardial infarction within 1 year after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.000 Death within 1 year after intervention; n (%) 0 (0) 1 (5.9) 0.548 Restenosis (≥70%) 1 year after intervention; n (%) 1 (7.1) 4 (23.5) 0.233 Local complications associated with CEASR or rePTA/S within 30 days; n (%) 2 (14.3) 1 (5.9) 0.704 Combined end-point; n (%) 3 (21.4) 5 (29.4) 0.719 CAS, carotid artery stenting; CEASR, carotid endarterectomy with stent retrieval; n, number; NA, not available; rePTA/S, repeated percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with or without stenting; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.
