Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
Representative brain and chest images of patients COVID-19 with CVD. (A) Representative brain (A1) and chest (A2) CT images of patient 1 with new onset of ischaemic stroke. The red arrow showed location of infarct in figure A1. (B) Representative brain (B1) and chest (B2) CT images of patient 11 with new onset of intracerebral haemorrhage. CVD, cerebrovascular disease. The red arrow showed location of cerebral hemorrhage in figure B1.
Tables
- Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19 with new onset of CVD during infection
Type of CVD Subtype of AIS Age (years) Sex Smoking
historyDrinking history Blood pressure
(mm Hg)Blood glucose (mmol/L) Type of patients with COVID-19 (severe/non-severe) Time between onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection and onset of CVD in days NIHSS score of AIS onset Treatment of CVD Outcome event 1 AIS Large-vessel atherosclerosis 70s F No No 110/67 6.0 Severe 23 3 Antiplatelet Survival 2 AIS Small-vessel occlusion 70s M No No 110/70 5.4 Severe 29 3 Antiplatelet Survival 3 AIS Large-vessel atherosclerosis 50s M No No 127/83 13.2 Non-severe 1 4 Antiplatelet Survival 4 AIS Cardioembolism 80s M Yes No 110/72 13.8 Severe 19 8 Antiplatelet Death 5 AIS Large-vessel atherosclerosis 80s F No No 140/83 24.2 Severe 15 20 Antiplatelet Death 6 AIS Small-vessel occlusion 70s M Yes No 156/82 11.0 Severe 1 2 Antiplatelet Death 7 AIS Cardioembolism 80s F No No 97/64 6.8 Non-severe 1 23 Anticoagulant Death 8 AIS Large-vessel atherosclerosis 90s F No No 192/97 6.7 Severe 10 28 Anticoagulant Survival 9 AIS Large-vessel atherosclerosis 70s F No No 155/89 7.9 Severe 12 18 Anticoagulant Survival 10 AIS Cardioembolism 70s M Yes No 142/67 16.3 Severe 8 35 Anticoagulant Death 11 ICH 60s M Yes Yes 150/80 5.8 Severe 10 Death *Patients with COVID-19 were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-PCR positive in throat swab and viral-like pneumonia in chest CT.
AIS, acute ischemic stroke; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; CVST, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; F, female; ICH, intracerebral haemorrhage ; M, male; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TOAST, the Trial of Org 10 172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.
- Table 2
Clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 with or without new-onset CVD
Total (N=219) COVID-19 with CVD (n=11) COVID-19 without CVD (n=208) P value* Age (years), mean±SD 53.3±15.9 75.7±10.8 52.1±15.3 Age (years), n (%) <0.001 <60 132 (60.3) 1 (9.1) 131 (63.0) ≥60 87 (39.7) 10 (90.9) 77 (37.0) Sex, n (%) 0.360 Female 130 (59.4) 5 (45.5) 125 (60.1) COVID-19 0.009 Severe 92 (42.0) 9 (81.8) 83 (39.9) Non-severe 127 (58.0) 2 (18.2) 125 (60.1) Medical history, n (%) Any 85 (38.8) 10 (90.9) 75 (36.1) <0.001 Hypertension 55 (25.1) 9 (81.8) 46 (22.1) <0.001 Diabetes 31 (14.2) 6 (54.5) 25 (12.0) 0.001 Heart disease and CVD 17 (7.8) 3 (27.3) 14 (6.7) 0.044 Malignancy 14 (6.4) 1 (9.1) 13 (6.3) 0.525 Data are presented as mean±SD and n/N (%).
P values indicate differences between patients with COVID-19 with and without new-onset CVD. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
*Fisher exact test.
CVD, cerebrovascular disease.
- Table 3
Laboratory findings of patients with COVID-19 with or without new-onset CVD
Total
(N=219)COVID-19 with CVD (n=11) COVID-19 without CVD (n=208) P value* White blood cell count, ×109/L 5.0 (0.1–20.4) 7.7 (3.9–14.8) 4.9 (0.1–20.4) 0.002 Neutrophil, ×109/L 3.1 (0.0–18.7) 6.4 (0.0–13.8) 3.0 (0.0–18.7) 0.003 Lymphocyte count, ×109/L 1.1 (0.1–2.6) 0.6 (0.3–1.2) 1.1 (0.1–2.6) <0.001 Platelet count, ×109/L 206.0 (18.0–583.0) 142.0 (90.0–564.0) 211.0 (18.0–583.0) 0.035 C reactive protein (mg/L) 12.5 (0.1–212.0) 51.1 (1.3–127.9) 12.1 (0.1–212.0) 0.025 D-dimer (mg/L) 0.5 (0.1–20.0) 6.9 (0.3–20.0) 0.5 (0.1–20.0) <0.001 Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) 26.0 (5.0–1933.0) 24.0 (13.0–144.0) 26.5 (5.0–1933.0) 0.671 Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 26.0 (8.0–8191.0) 32.0 (19.0–271.0) 26.0 (8.0–8191·0) 0.119 Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) 4.1 (1.5–48.1) 7.4 (4.0–43.2) 4.1 (1.5–48.1) <0.001 Creatinine (μmol/L) 68.3 (35.9–9435.0) 75.5 (42.7–261.3) 68.2 (35.9–9435.0) 0.02 P values indicate differences between patients with COVID-19 with and without new-onset CVD. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
*Wilcox non-parameter test.
CVD, cerebrovascular disease.
