Article Figures & Data
- Table 1
Baseline characteristics and 7 day fatality of patients with and without symptomatic infarct swelling
Symptomatic infarct swelling (n=107) No symptomatic infarct swelling (n=2854) P values Age, years, mean (SD) 76.8 (12.5) 77.4 (12.1) 0.59 Sex, n (%)* 0.76 Male 50 (3.5) 1377 (96.5) Female 57 (3.7) 1477 (96.3) Baseline NIHSS, median (IQR) 19 (17–23) 11 (6–17) <0.001 NIHSS, n (%)* <0.001 NIHSS ≥15 88 (8.2) 983 (91.8) NIHSS <15 19 (1.0) 1871 (99.0) Infarct size on pre-randomisation CT, n (%)* <0.001 Large/very large 55 (11.0) 443 (89.0) None/small/medium 52 (2.1) 2411 (97.9) Hyperdense artery sign on prerandomisation CT, n (%)* <0.001 HAS 63 (8.8) 653 (91.2) No HAS 44 (2.0) 2201 (98.0) Allocated treatment, n (%)* 0.008 Alteplase 67 (4.5) 1417 (95.5) Control 40 (2.7) 1437 (97.3) Death in first 7 days, n (%)† 70 (65.4) 192 (6.7) <0.001 Time from onset to randomisation, hours, median (IQR) 3.5 (2.7–4.2) 3.9 (2.9–4.9) 0.14 *The proportion of patients with/without infarct swelling in each row characteristic subgroup.
†The proportion of patients who died ≤7 days in patients with/without symptomatic infarct swelling.
HAS, hyperdense artery sign; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.
- Table 2
Multivariable logistic regression for symptomatic infarct swelling
Factors Beta OR 95% CI P values Age* −0.02 0.98 0.97 to 0.99 0.04 NIHSS* 0.14 1.15 1.11 to 1.18 <0.001 Large to very large infarct (vs small to medium infarct) 0.89 2.44 1.57 to 3.79 <0.001 Allocated alteplase (vs control) 0.53 1.69 1.11 to 2.57 0.01 HAS presence (vs absence) 0.79 2.21 1.42 to 3.44 <0.001 *Entered as linear variables, where the OR reflected the expected change in odds for one-point increase in NIHSS or 1-year increase in age.
HAS, hyperdense artery sign; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.
- Table 3
Effect of alteplase on the development of symptomatic infarct swelling by change in HAS between baseline and follow-up
Baseline HAS Changes in HAS at follow-up Alteplase n/N* Control n/N* Effect of alteplase on development of infarct swelling, OR (95% CI) P value for interaction Presence
(n=673)Persistent (n=324) 28/152 18/172 1.93 (1.02 to 3.66) 0.62; d.f.=1 Disappeared (n=349) 9/198 5/151 1.39 (0.46 to 4.24) Subtotal 37/350 23/323 1.54 (0.89 to 2.66) Absence
(n=2057)Newly developed (n=196) 8/90 5/106 1.97 (0.62 to 6.25) 0.98; d.f.=1 None (n=1861) 21/957 10/904 2.01 (0.94 to 4.28) Subtotal 29/1047 15/1010 1.89 (1.01 to 3.55) Total NA 66/1397 38/1333 1.69 (1.13 to 2.54) 0.96; d.f.=3 *N or n=number of patients in each subgroup of morphological changes in HAS presence, n/N: n=number of patients with infarct swelling.
d.f., degree of freedom; HAS, hyperdense artery sign; NA, not applicable.
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