Baseline characteristics of the nationwide cohort by subsequent treatment
| Observation group (group 1) N=208 993 | Microsurgical clipping group (group 2) N=14 168 | EVT group (group 3) N=30 079 | P value | ||||
| Group 1 vs 2 | Group 1 vs 3 | Group 2 vs 3 | |||||
| Age (years) | 62.46±13.82 | 60.14±9.92 | 60.32±11.76 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.084 | |
| <40 | 12 876 (6.2%) | 418 (3.0%) | 1401 (4.7%) | ||||
| 40–64 | 100 777 (48.2%) | 8883 (62.7%) | 17 596 (58.5%) | ||||
| 65–74 | 50 481 (24.2%) | 3947 (27.9%) | 7382 (24.5%) | ||||
| ≥75 | 44 859 (21.5%) | 920 (6.5%) | 3700 (12.3%) | ||||
| Sex | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 74 853 (35.8%) | 4439 (31.3%) | 8890 (29.6%) | ||||
| Female | 134 140 (64.2%) | 9729 (68.7%) | 21 189 (70.4%) | ||||
| Socioeconomic status* | 0.001 | 0.209 | 0.077 | ||||
| Korean National Health Insurance | 197 069 (94.3%) | 13 466 (95.1%) | 28 435 (94.5%) | ||||
| Medical Assistance Programme Type1 | 10 273 (4.9%) | 605 (4.3%) | 1408 (4.7%) | ||||
| Others | 1651 (0.8%) | 97 (0.7%) | 236 (0.8%) | ||||
| Residence | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Urban | 121 019 (57.9%) | 10 091 (71.2%) | 18 114 (60.2%) | ||||
| Rural | 87 974 (42.1%) | 4077 (28.8%) | 11 965 (39.8%) | ||||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Hypertension | 110 858 (53.0%) | 8339 (58.9%) | 16 316 (54.2%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 63 692 (30.5%) | 3799 (26.8%) | 7997 (26.6%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.614 | |
| Dyslipidaemia | 128 931 (61.7%) | 9117 (64.4%) | 18 534 (61.6%) | <0.001 | 0.806 | <0.001 | |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 8387 (4.0%) | 593 (4.2%) | 1272 (4.2%) | 0.312 | 0.076 | 0.832 | |
| Ischaemic stroke | 20 836 (10.0%) | 1143 (8.1%) | 3067 (10.2%) | <0.001 | 0.220 | <0.001 | |
| Haemorrhagic stroke | 4482 (2.1%) | 425 (3.0%) | 974 (3.2%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.181 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 3551 (1.7%) | 134 (1.0%) | 390 (1.3%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 6819 (3.3%) | 333 (2.4%) | 664 (2.2%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.345 | |
| Malignancy | 18 266 (8.7%) | 1069 (7.6%) | 2249 (7.5%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.799 | |
| Hyperthyroidism | 5254 (2.5%) | 365 (2.6%) | 757 (2.5%) | 0.647 | 0.977 | 0.710 | |
| Hypothyroidism | 17 461 (8.4%) | 1229 (8.7%) | 2353 (7.8%) | 0.184 | 0.002 | 0.002 | |
| Chronic liver disease | 24 129 (11.6%) | 1767 (12.5%) | 3514 (11.7%) | 0.001 | 0.487 | 0.017 | |
| COPD | 8484 (4.1%) | 440 (3.1%) | 979 (3.3%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.406 | |
| CCI | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.029 | ||||
| 0 | 92 683 (44.4%) | 6575 (46.4%) | 14 367 (47.8%) | ||||
| 1 | 49 990 (23.9%) | 3491 (24.6%) | 7225 (24.0%) | ||||
| ≥2 | 66 320 (31.7%) | 4102 (29.0%) | 8487 (28.2%) | ||||
| Drugs | |||||||
| Aspirin | 27 061 (13.0%) | 1980 (14.0%) | 7409 (24.6%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| Warfarin | 905 (0.4%) | 46 (0.3%) | 96 (0.3%) | 0.055 | 0.004 | 0.924 | |
| NOAC | 3343 (1.6%) | 152 (1.1%) | 456 (1.5%) | <0.001 | 0.279 | <0.001 | |
| Antiplatelet | 22 519 (10.8%) | 1499 (10.6%) | 6778 (22.5%) | 0.469 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
Data are presented as mean±SD or frequency (per cent).
*Socioeconomic status was categorised based on the type of medical insurance received. People who cannot afford 30% of their total medical expenses, which are self-funded under Korean National Health Insurance, are covered by the Medical Assistance Programme.
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EVT, endovascular treatment; NOAC, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant.