RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Protective effects of melatonin on stroke in diabetic mice: central and peripheral inflammation modulation
JF Stroke and Vascular Neurology
JO Stroke Vasc Neurol
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP svn-2024-003442
DO 10.1136/svn-2024-003442
A1 Liu, Cuiying
A1 Guo, Jiayi
A1 Guan, Longfei
A1 Li, Junfa
A1 Xu, Baohui
A1 Zhao, Heng
YR 2025
UL http://svn.bmj.com/content/early/2025/02/24/svn-2024-003442.abstract
AB Background Melatonin protects against ischaemic stroke in diabetic animal models, though the mechanisms involving brain and peripheral immune responses remain underexplored. We aimed to clarify how melatonin interacts with these immune responses to protect against stroke in diabetic mice.Methods Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced in mice using streptozotocin. RNA sequencing of brain tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed 24 hours poststroke. Inflammatory responses were evaluated 72 hours after ischaemia/reperfusion.Results Melatonin reduced infarction and improved neurological function in T1DM mice. In the ischaemic brain, melatonin downregulated inflammatory factor expression, with bioinformatics identifying 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to inflammation and 11 associated with inflammasomes. Western blotting confirmed reductions in NLRP3, HMGB1 and Cleaved Caspase-1 expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD8+T cells and neutrophils. Melatonin decreased IL-6, IL-1β and IL-4 levels. In PBMCs, RNA sequencing revealed 939 DEGs following melatonin treatment. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that downregulated DEGs were involved in metabolic pathways, and upregulated DEGs were enriched in the Jak-STAT signalling pathway. GO analysis showed that downregulated DEGs were enriched in the cytosol, and upregulated DEGs related to macromolecule modification. Protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that melatonin affected 38 inflammation-associated genes linked to key cytokines (Il6, Il1b, Ifng, Il4). Flow cytometry indicated melatonin increased CD8+T cells, monocytes and neutrophils in the blood, suggesting a reversal of immunosuppression. Multiplex cytokine assays showed melatonin decreased IL-6 and IFN-γ levels.Conclusion Poststroke melatonin therapy reduces ischaemic brain damage in T1DM mice by modulating central and peripheral inflammatory responses.No data are available.